Shoulder Pain
A common complaint caused by injury, overuse, or age-related changes in the shoulder joint
Shoulder pain is a prevalent condition that can interfere with daily activities, making it difficult to lift, reach, or perform basic movements. The shoulder is a complex joint that allows for a wide range of motion, but this flexibility also makes it susceptible to injury, inflammation, and degeneration. Shoulder pain can result from various causes, including overuse, injuries, and underlying medical conditions. Understanding the source of your shoulder pain is crucial in determining the best treatment approach to restore function and relieve discomfort.
CAUSES OF SHOULDER PAIN
- Rotator Cuff Injuries: Tears or inflammation in the group of muscles and tendons that stabilise the shoulder can cause pain, weakness, and difficulty lifting the arm.
- Shoulder Impingement: Occurs when the tendons of the rotator cuff become compressed during shoulder movement, often leading to sharp pain with overhead activity.
- Bursitis: Inflammation of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) that cushions the shoulder joint can cause pain and tenderness, especially when lying on the affected side.
- Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis): A condition where the shoulder becomes stiff and painful due to inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule, often with limited range of motion.
- Shoulder Arthritis: Degenerative changes in the joint cartilage can lead to pain, stiffness, and swelling, particularly in older adults.
- Tendonitis: Overuse or repetitive strain can lead to inflammation of the shoulder tendons, resulting in pain with movement or lifting.
- Shoulder Instability: Can occur after a dislocation or repetitive strain, causing the shoulder to feel loose or prone to slipping out of place.
- Fractures or Trauma: Injuries such as a broken collarbone, humerus, or scapula can lead to sudden pain, swelling, and visible deformity.
SYMPTOMS OF SHOULDER PAIN
If you are experiencing shoulder pain, you may notice:
- Pain: A dull ache or sharp pain in the shoulder, which may worsen with movement.
- Stiffness: Reduced range of motion, making it difficult to perform daily activities.
- Swelling and Tenderness: The shoulder may appear swollen and feel sensitive to touch.
- Weakness: Difficulty lifting objects or maintaining strength in the affected arm.
- Clicking or Popping Sensations: You may hear or feel a clicking noise during movement.
DIAGNOSIS OF SHOULDER PAIN
To accurately diagnose the cause of shoulder pain, Dr. Liddell will conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include:
- Physical Examination: Assessing your shoulder’s range of motion, strength, and areas of tenderness.
- X-rays: Identifying fractures, bone abnormalities, or signs of arthritis.
- MRI or CT scans: Providing detailed imaging to detect soft tissue injuries, such as rotator cuff tears or ligament damage.
- Ultrasound: Evaluating real-time movement of the shoulder structures.
- Blood Tests: If an autoimmune condition like rheumatoid arthritis is suspected, blood tests may be recommended.
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR SHOULDER PAIN
The treatment for shoulder pain depends on its underlying cause and severity. Dr. Liddell may recommend:
Non-Surgical Treatments
- Medication: Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and swelling.
- Physiotherapy: Targeted exercises to strengthen the shoulder, improve flexibility, and enhance mobility.
- Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that aggravate the shoulder while incorporating low-impact movements like swimming or walking.
- Corticosteroid Injections: Providing temporary pain relief by reducing inflammation in the shoulder joint.
- Heat and Cold Therapy: Alternating heat and ice packs to soothe sore muscles and decrease swelling.
Surgical Options
If non-surgical treatments do not provide sufficient relief, surgery may be considered:
- Arthroscopic Surgery: A minimally invasive procedure to repair damaged tissues or remove impingements.
- Rotator Cuff Repair: Restoring torn rotator cuff tendons to improve shoulder function.
- Shoulder Replacement Surgery: In cases of severe arthritis or joint damage, replacing part or all of the shoulder joint may be necessary.
MANAGING SHOULDER PAIN: LIFESTYLE AND HOME CARE
Adopting certain lifestyle habits can help prevent and manage shoulder pain:
- Maintain Good Posture: Avoid slouching and practice ergonomic adjustments at work.
- Strengthening Exercises: Engage in shoulder-strengthening and stretching exercises to maintain flexibility.
- Warm-Up Before Activities: Prepare your shoulder muscles before engaging in sports or heavy lifting.
- Listen to Your Body: Avoid pushing through pain and take necessary breaks to prevent overuse injuries.
Shoulder pain can significantly affect daily life, but with an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, it can be effectively managed. Whether through conservative treatments, physical therapy, or surgical intervention, relief is possible.